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Forum PointsHepatitis A:-
inflammation of the liver usually caused by eating food or drinking water that has been contaminated with human excrement. Symptoms may be similar to the flu. Only rarely is this disease life threatening.
Hepatitis A:-
In children, the most common form of hepatitis is hepatitis A (also called infectious hepatitis). This form is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), which lives in the stools (feces or poop) of infected individuals. Infected stool can be present in small amounts in food and on objects (from doorknobs to diapers).
Hepatitis B:-
one of the most serious forms of hepatitis, this disease is more common and more infectious than AIDS. Chronic hepatitis B may lead to cirrhosis and cancer of the liver. A hepatitis B vaccine is available.
Hepatitis C:-
this disease affects approximately 150,000 Americans each year. The most commonly recognized risk factors for acquiring hepatitis C virus include the use of intravenous drugs, a history of blood transfusions, hemodialysis, and health care employment. Transmission may also occur through sexual contact.
Hepatitis C :-
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is spread by direct contact with an infected person's blood. The symptoms of the hepatitis C virus can be very similar to those of the hepatitis A and B viruses. However, infection with the hepatitis C virus can lead to chronic liver disease and is the leading reason for liver transplant in the United States.
Diagnosis
All of these viral hepatitis conditions can be diagnosed and followed through the use of readily available blood tests.
Signs and Symptoms:-
Hepatitis, in its early stages, may cause flu-like symptoms, including:
malaise (a general ill feeling)
fever
muscle aches
loss of appetite
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
jaundice (a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)
But some people with hepatitis may have no symptoms at all and may not even know they're infected. Children with hepatitis A, for example, usually have mild symptoms or have no symptoms.
Prevention:-
In general, to prevent viral hepatitis you should:
Follow good hygiene and avoid crowded, unhealthy living conditions.
Take extra care, particularly when drinking and swimming, if you travel to areas of the world where sanitation is poor and water quality is uncertain.
Never eat shellfish from waters contaminated by sewage.
Remind everyone in your family to wash their hands thoroughly after using the toilet and before eating.
Use antiseptic cleansers to clean any toilet, sink, potty-chair, or bedpan used by someone in the family who develops hepatitis.
Duration:-
For viral hepatitis, the incubation period (the time it takes for a person to become infected after being exposed) varies depending on which hepatitis virus causes the disease:
For hepatitis A, the incubation period is 2 to 6 weeks.
For hepatitis B, the incubation period is between 4 and 20 weeks.
For hepatitis C, it's estimated that the incubation period is 2 to 26 weeks.
Hepatitis A is usually active for a short period of time and once a person recovers, he or she can no longer pass the virus to other people.
With hepatitis B, 85% to 90% of patients recover from their illness completely within 6 months, without long-term complications.
However, 75% to 85% of those who are infected with hepatitis C do not recover completely and are more likely to continue to have a long-term infection.
Treatment:-
There are no medications used to treat hepatitis A because it's a short-term infection that goes away on its own.
Hepatitis B can sometimes be treated using medications. Four drugs are approved for use in adults with hepatitis B, but there hasn't been enough research yet on their use in children. However, you can talk to your child's doctor about a drug that may be available in some centers on a research basis for children.
The treatment of hepatitis C has improved significantly with the use of two medications, only one of which is approved for use in children. Another more effective drug isn't approved for children yet but is available for kids in some centers on a research basis. In those adults who've just been infected with hepatitis C (by accidental needle injury, for example), combination therapy with the two drugs is the treatment of choice and can eliminate the virus in about 50% of the people infected.
Prevention:-
Use antiseptic cleansers to clean any toilet, sink, potty-chair, or bedpan used by someone in the family who develops hepatitis.
Because contaminated needles and syringes are a major source of hepatitis infection, it's a good idea to encourage drug awareness programs in your community and schools. At home, speak to your child frankly and frequently about the dangers of drug use. It's also important to encourage abstinence and safe sex for teens, in order to eliminate their risk of hepatitis infection through sexual contact.
A hepatitis A vaccine is available, and is especially recommended for those who:
travel abroad
have other forms of liver disease
have many sexual partners
are in high-risk occupations, such as health-care and child-care personnel
If you're planning to travel abroad, consult your doctor in advance so you and your family have enough time to complete the required immunizations. The vaccine is especially useful for staff of child-care facilities or schools where they may be at risk of exposure.
There's also a hepatitis B vaccine, which should be given to both children and adults as part of routine immunization.
Unfortunately, there's no vaccine for hepatitis C — animal studies indicate that it may not be possible because the virus doesn't cause the kind of response that would be needed for a vaccine to be successful.
Duration:-
For viral hepatitis, the incubation period (the time it takes for a person to become infected after being exposed) varies depending on which hepatitis virus causes the disease:
For hepatitis A, the incubation period is 2 to 6 weeks.
For hepatitis B, the incubation period is between 4 and 20 weeks.
For hepatitis C, it's estimated that the incubation period is 2 to 26 weeks.
Hepatitis A is usually active for a short period of time and once a person recovers, he or she can no longer pass the virus to other people. It's practically unheard for people to become chronic carriers of hepatitis A. Almost all previously healthy persons who develop hepatitis A will completely recover from their illness in a few weeks or months without long-term complications.
With hepatitis B, 85% to 90% of patients recover from their illness completely within 6 months, without long-term complications.
However, 75% to 85% of those who are infected with hepatitis C do not recover completely and are more likely to continue to have a long-term infection. People with hepatitis B (the percentage who don't recover completely) or hepatitis C who continue to be infected can go on to develop chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver (the chronic degeneration and disruption of the structure of the liver). Some people with hepatitis B or C may also become lifelong carriers of these viruses and can spread them to other people.
Treatment:-
When symptoms are severe or laboratory tests show liver damage, it's sometimes necessary for hepatitis to be treated in the hospital. Here's a quick look at the treatments available for the various hepatitis viruses:
There are no medications used to treat hepatitis A because it's a short-term infection that goes away on its own.
Hepatitis B can sometimes be treated using medications. Four drugs are approved for use in adults with hepatitis B, but there hasn't been enough research yet on their use in children. However, you can talk to your child's doctor about a drug that may be available in some centers on a research basis for children.
The treatment of hepatitis C has improved significantly with the use of two medications, only one of which is approved for use in children. Another more effective drug isn't approved for children yet but is available for kids in some centers on a research basis. In those adults who've just been infected with hepatitis C (by accidental needle injury, for example), combination therapy with the two drugs is the treatment of choice and can eliminate the virus in about 50% of the people infected.
Children with mild hepatitis may be treated at home. Except for using the bathroom, they should rest in bed until the fever and jaundice are gone and their appetite is normal. Kids with a lack of appetite should try smaller, more frequent meals and fluids that are high in calories (like milkshakes). They should also eat healthy foods rich in protein and carbohydrates and drink plenty of water.
When to Call the Doctor:-
Call the doctor if your child:
has symptoms of hepatitis
attends a school or child-care facility where someone has hepatitis
has been exposed to a friend or relative with the illness
If you already know your child has hepatitis, call your doctor if you notice any of the following symptoms, which may be signs of their liver condition worsening:
confusion or extreme drowsiness
skin rash
itching
Also, monitor your child's appetite and digestive functions, and call the doctor if your child's appetite decreases, or if nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or jaundice increase.
inflammation of the liver usually caused by eating food or drinking water that has been contaminated with human excrement. Symptoms may be similar to the flu. Only rarely is this disease life threatening.
Hepatitis A:-
In children, the most common form of hepatitis is hepatitis A (also called infectious hepatitis). This form is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), which lives in the stools (feces or poop) of infected individuals. Infected stool can be present in small amounts in food and on objects (from doorknobs to diapers).
Hepatitis B:-
one of the most serious forms of hepatitis, this disease is more common and more infectious than AIDS. Chronic hepatitis B may lead to cirrhosis and cancer of the liver. A hepatitis B vaccine is available.
Hepatitis C:-
this disease affects approximately 150,000 Americans each year. The most commonly recognized risk factors for acquiring hepatitis C virus include the use of intravenous drugs, a history of blood transfusions, hemodialysis, and health care employment. Transmission may also occur through sexual contact.
Hepatitis C :-
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is spread by direct contact with an infected person's blood. The symptoms of the hepatitis C virus can be very similar to those of the hepatitis A and B viruses. However, infection with the hepatitis C virus can lead to chronic liver disease and is the leading reason for liver transplant in the United States.
Diagnosis
All of these viral hepatitis conditions can be diagnosed and followed through the use of readily available blood tests.
Signs and Symptoms:-
Hepatitis, in its early stages, may cause flu-like symptoms, including:
malaise (a general ill feeling)
fever
muscle aches
loss of appetite
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
jaundice (a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)
But some people with hepatitis may have no symptoms at all and may not even know they're infected. Children with hepatitis A, for example, usually have mild symptoms or have no symptoms.
Prevention:-
In general, to prevent viral hepatitis you should:
Follow good hygiene and avoid crowded, unhealthy living conditions.
Take extra care, particularly when drinking and swimming, if you travel to areas of the world where sanitation is poor and water quality is uncertain.
Never eat shellfish from waters contaminated by sewage.
Remind everyone in your family to wash their hands thoroughly after using the toilet and before eating.
Use antiseptic cleansers to clean any toilet, sink, potty-chair, or bedpan used by someone in the family who develops hepatitis.
Duration:-
For viral hepatitis, the incubation period (the time it takes for a person to become infected after being exposed) varies depending on which hepatitis virus causes the disease:
For hepatitis A, the incubation period is 2 to 6 weeks.
For hepatitis B, the incubation period is between 4 and 20 weeks.
For hepatitis C, it's estimated that the incubation period is 2 to 26 weeks.
Hepatitis A is usually active for a short period of time and once a person recovers, he or she can no longer pass the virus to other people.
With hepatitis B, 85% to 90% of patients recover from their illness completely within 6 months, without long-term complications.
However, 75% to 85% of those who are infected with hepatitis C do not recover completely and are more likely to continue to have a long-term infection.
Treatment:-
There are no medications used to treat hepatitis A because it's a short-term infection that goes away on its own.
Hepatitis B can sometimes be treated using medications. Four drugs are approved for use in adults with hepatitis B, but there hasn't been enough research yet on their use in children. However, you can talk to your child's doctor about a drug that may be available in some centers on a research basis for children.
The treatment of hepatitis C has improved significantly with the use of two medications, only one of which is approved for use in children. Another more effective drug isn't approved for children yet but is available for kids in some centers on a research basis. In those adults who've just been infected with hepatitis C (by accidental needle injury, for example), combination therapy with the two drugs is the treatment of choice and can eliminate the virus in about 50% of the people infected.
Prevention:-
Use antiseptic cleansers to clean any toilet, sink, potty-chair, or bedpan used by someone in the family who develops hepatitis.
Because contaminated needles and syringes are a major source of hepatitis infection, it's a good idea to encourage drug awareness programs in your community and schools. At home, speak to your child frankly and frequently about the dangers of drug use. It's also important to encourage abstinence and safe sex for teens, in order to eliminate their risk of hepatitis infection through sexual contact.
A hepatitis A vaccine is available, and is especially recommended for those who:
travel abroad
have other forms of liver disease
have many sexual partners
are in high-risk occupations, such as health-care and child-care personnel
If you're planning to travel abroad, consult your doctor in advance so you and your family have enough time to complete the required immunizations. The vaccine is especially useful for staff of child-care facilities or schools where they may be at risk of exposure.
There's also a hepatitis B vaccine, which should be given to both children and adults as part of routine immunization.
Unfortunately, there's no vaccine for hepatitis C — animal studies indicate that it may not be possible because the virus doesn't cause the kind of response that would be needed for a vaccine to be successful.
Duration:-
For viral hepatitis, the incubation period (the time it takes for a person to become infected after being exposed) varies depending on which hepatitis virus causes the disease:
For hepatitis A, the incubation period is 2 to 6 weeks.
For hepatitis B, the incubation period is between 4 and 20 weeks.
For hepatitis C, it's estimated that the incubation period is 2 to 26 weeks.
Hepatitis A is usually active for a short period of time and once a person recovers, he or she can no longer pass the virus to other people. It's practically unheard for people to become chronic carriers of hepatitis A. Almost all previously healthy persons who develop hepatitis A will completely recover from their illness in a few weeks or months without long-term complications.
With hepatitis B, 85% to 90% of patients recover from their illness completely within 6 months, without long-term complications.
However, 75% to 85% of those who are infected with hepatitis C do not recover completely and are more likely to continue to have a long-term infection. People with hepatitis B (the percentage who don't recover completely) or hepatitis C who continue to be infected can go on to develop chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver (the chronic degeneration and disruption of the structure of the liver). Some people with hepatitis B or C may also become lifelong carriers of these viruses and can spread them to other people.
Treatment:-
When symptoms are severe or laboratory tests show liver damage, it's sometimes necessary for hepatitis to be treated in the hospital. Here's a quick look at the treatments available for the various hepatitis viruses:
There are no medications used to treat hepatitis A because it's a short-term infection that goes away on its own.
Hepatitis B can sometimes be treated using medications. Four drugs are approved for use in adults with hepatitis B, but there hasn't been enough research yet on their use in children. However, you can talk to your child's doctor about a drug that may be available in some centers on a research basis for children.
The treatment of hepatitis C has improved significantly with the use of two medications, only one of which is approved for use in children. Another more effective drug isn't approved for children yet but is available for kids in some centers on a research basis. In those adults who've just been infected with hepatitis C (by accidental needle injury, for example), combination therapy with the two drugs is the treatment of choice and can eliminate the virus in about 50% of the people infected.
Children with mild hepatitis may be treated at home. Except for using the bathroom, they should rest in bed until the fever and jaundice are gone and their appetite is normal. Kids with a lack of appetite should try smaller, more frequent meals and fluids that are high in calories (like milkshakes). They should also eat healthy foods rich in protein and carbohydrates and drink plenty of water.
When to Call the Doctor:-
Call the doctor if your child:
has symptoms of hepatitis
attends a school or child-care facility where someone has hepatitis
has been exposed to a friend or relative with the illness
If you already know your child has hepatitis, call your doctor if you notice any of the following symptoms, which may be signs of their liver condition worsening:
confusion or extreme drowsiness
skin rash
itching
Also, monitor your child's appetite and digestive functions, and call the doctor if your child's appetite decreases, or if nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or jaundice increase.
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